He designed the agreements that he later, depending on the situation, either violated or used as a pretext for attacking tribes of his choice. So, Muhammad approached the major clans and offered his assistance in making peace. In addition, most of inhabitants (both Jews and recent Arab proselytes) were monotheists, which he believed made them easier to convert into Islam. The valley around Medina had everything he lacked at the time: food supplies, fortified fortresses, skillful craftsmen and overall manpower. Muhammad, preoccupied with his plans of future conquests, realized that Medina suited the best to become the base of his expansion. So wound their bodies and incapacitate them because they oppose Allah and His Apostle.” - Qur’an:8:12 40, Oxford University Press “I shall terrorize the infidels. The town was torn by the feuds of the rival Arab tribes of Aus and Khazraj,” Bernard Lewis, ‘The Arabs in History’, p. Medina, or, as it was known before Islam, Yathrib, had no form of stable government at all. “The comparative richness of the town attracted an infiltration of pagan Arabs who came at first as clients of the Jews and ultimately succeeded in dominating them. They were divided into two clans, the Banu Aws (Aus) and the Banu Khazraj There were up to 20 different Jewish clans residning in the valley, with 3 most significant tribes: the Banu Nadir, Banu Quraiza (Ḳuraiẓa) and Banu Qaynuqā (Kainuka).Īround the middle of the fifth century, two Arab tribes from Yemen began to encroach upon the Jews in Medina. 586 B.C.E.), Antiochus IV’S persecutions, the defeat by Rome (70 C.E.) and refuges from Persia. According to some accounts, different groups of Jews started arriving since the time of Moses’ war against the Amalekites and included the waves of immigrants, related to the Babylonian Exile (c. Until the 5 th century AD, the city’s population (as well as other large settlement blocks like Tayma and Khaybar) was predominantly Jewish. Jewish Medina pre-Arabia Yathrib (the pre-Mohammed name for Medina) sits in the fertile valley in the north of Hejaz (the old name of Arabia).
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